Coded card handling machine



Aug. 14, 19 M c. WILLIAMS ETAL 2,

CODED CARD HANDLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 1, 1948 s Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TORS MfiLCOLM C. MILL/HMS BYFLOVD L. LU/LL/S Aug. 14, 1951 M. C. WILLIAMS ET AL CODED CARD HANDLING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 1, 1948 INVENTORS MFYLC'OLM C. MILL/HMS QTTGQNE'V FLOVD L. LU/LL/S HWH I I IWUJHMI g- 1951 M. c. WILLIAMS ETAL 2,564,089

CQDED CARD HANDLING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed 0 1, 1948 IN V EN TORS MHLCOLM c. CHILL/HMS FLoya L. w/Lus Aug. 14, 1951 Filed Oct. 1, 1948 M. C. WILLIAMS ET AL CODED CARD HANDLING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS MHLCOLM C. WILL/7545 FZOVO L. (HILL/5 nrraQNEV Aug. 14, 1951 M. c. WILLIAMS ETAL 8 CODED CARD HANDLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 1, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 SPEC/19L SOLENOID IN V EN TORS MIQLCOLM C. CHILL/HMS l-ZOVD L. Lil/LL15 BY I HTTOQA/EI Patented Aug. 14, 1951 UNITED PATENT omcs Malcolm 0,-Wiijliaih'skldorth ri i 'ywqgd; nd Floyd L; Willis,*La--Cre's'centa, Calif. Sam Willis as Signor to said Williams 1 Application October 1, 194811 Se'riaPNo'; 52346- 27 Claims.

The present invention relates generally" to automatic card-handling machines; and1more' particularly; to'amachine'of thistype which is adapted to present a series of cards visually, one at a time, for the purposeof exhibiting" use 5 tion printed on" the'card anddeterminin'g the correctness of the answers indicated by the observer.

Machines of the type just describedhavemany uses. They are usedgforex-ample; in the mass training of personnel in specialized arts and sciences; such' as military aviation; machine'sliop practice; andsdforth." suc machinesaraaisc used in administering" sdcalledfintelli'gence q tient' examinations and compiling'thd'r f Still other u es may be in the field of advertisin and amusement.

Essentially,- aquizmachine as they are sometimes called, for the above purposes should provide for" the exhibiting of a" series o'fiqfiesti'dfis, one question ata time," andth'ekhibiti g there'- after" of the correct answered ea'ch' tioiil It is further provided in nricistqui'z'niachmes the observer of the uesticnsmaytnaicafiew at he considersto be the cdrrecton'br a num er of possible answersbypressing mutton" lever or other indicating device. such preference is re corded ni'the" ma hine and 'co'r relate'dwithltlie articular" questionfso that aftef'a" series of questions have been answeredin' tl'i abovem'ari ner, theperee'rita'ge' o'f co'rrect-arisw is orfscore' of the observer: is"iridicated" by the mach ne,

Some "of tl'i'e fOregoi'ngbaSic" p'firit'z'iiileshave been enib'odied iHVaribusnia" provided; but" inmost "machines heretcf able, there have been various'disa vanta es which haveprevente'd the syste romf omms into wide'usel Amone'sucn" disadvantages "are the following:

If the series of questions-"tome answered is presented ona continuously moving medium, such'ior exampief satape"or a 'st rifi'fil f, the

of questionsin afiy'gr'ouo v without 'repracirig the entirreo'id 'stri uierm'cre': it'is impossible tdrenibtifp questions and"reiilace"tliem"with othe v further, such a machine does not provide foFa' wide selection of ancient types of examinations or question groupsdn that each -g roup-.-of"-questions must bema'de up as "an" entire lengthoffilm or record strip; Thus; it *will' be seen "that one desirable feature of machines oftheclass described -is--thateach qi'iestion be presented-"on a single card so that various selections of question--;groups*may be made'from a large supply of individualcards.

While individual card machines have been used in the past, they have usually been so constructed that only a predetermined number of cards may be-used in the machineneither more nor less. Furthermore, such number of cards is usually divided upiinto-groups of questions, each group having the same number of cards; and mechanical-provision is made elsewhere in the machine so that the machine is stopped each time .a group out of theentire supply of cards has been exhibited; Thus,- if for any reason the machine should-get out of synchronism, the machine will thereafter overlap successive groups of questions, i: ei'the machine will stop partway through a group of questions rather than at the end of the group as originally intended. Still another disadvantage of the last-stated type of card quiz machine is that there must always be the same number of questions in any group,

Also'inherent' in many of the card type machines previously manufactured'werecertain mechanical difficulties in the handling of the cards andexhibiting of the same. One such difiieulty arises irom the fact that heretofore it has been customary to exhibit the question on one'part of the card, for example, the front, and the answer on another part, for eXamp lathe back, in such a way'that when the answer is; ezih'ibited, the que's'tion is no longer in view. It has been found-to be advantageous, however, to permit the observer torefer back to the question when viewing the answer, particularly wheri'suchquestioning machines are to be used for training urposes-.-

Bearing in mind the foregoing discussionpf desirable 'ieatures in' a quiz machine of the class described, it;- is a major object of our invention to provide a quizmachineemploying coded cards, some 'of which are'adapted to control the opera tionof-th'e machine whereby groups of various numbers of questions may be employed in the machine, such groups being separated by the aforesaid machine-controlling cards referred to herein-as break cards;

Another obiectof the inventionis-to provide a machine of'the'class-describedwhich is capable of -receiving and-passing through the machine substantial-lyany number of cards that maybe desired.

Still'another object of the invention is to'pro vide means for successively presenting a question and answer to the same in such a manner that the observer may view both the question and the answer at the same time.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a machine of the class described, coding means on the cards such that the score of the observer may be recorded.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in a quiz machine of the class described, means for recording the number of times certain answers of a select group are correctly answered whereby to compile statistical data regarding public knowledge and interest.

Yet another object of our invention is to provide automatic timing means in a machine or" the class described whereby a certain time is allowed for the answering of each question and for the interlocking of such timing means with the scoring means above mentioned, in order that the ultimate score will reflect the speed. with which the questions are answered.

In general, it is an object of our invention to provide a quiz machine which is adaptable for a wide variety of purposes without substantial modification of the machine itself, merely requiring the supplying of different types of cards for different applications.

For a description of a machine embodying the invention from which the foregoing and other advantages will appear, a reference should now be had to the drawings wherein:

Figure l is a perspective view of a quiz machine embodying the present invention;

Figure 2 is a semi-schematic drawing, illustrating the spacial relationship of various basic elements of the machine, the housing and other details being omitted;

Figure 3 is 3, partial plan view of the machine illustrated in Figure l, certain parts being broken away to reveal underlying parts;

Figure 4 is an elevational section taken on the line 3 in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a fragment of Figure 4, showing the position of the parts in a diiferent portion of the operation cycle;

Figure 6 is an enlarged portion of Figure 4, showing still another operational position, wherein a card-advancing table is in position preparatory to withdrawing a card from the bottom of a stack of cards;

Figure 7 is an elevational fragmentary section, taken on the line 'l'i in Figure 3;

Figure 8 is an enlarged elevational section taken on the line 8-8 in Figure 3, certain parts being omitted to reveal underlying portions of the mechanism; and

Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the electrical components employed in the machine illustrated in Figure 1, et seq.

Before proceeding to a detailed structural description of the machine, the basic functional elements will be described. Broadly speaking, the quiz machine embodying our invention which is illustrated herein includes the combination of the following means.

Magazine A card-receiving magazine, indicated by the reference character I0, is provided which is adapted to receive a stack ll of cards i 2, such stack comprising any of a wide range of numbers of cards. The magazine It is positioned near the rear of the machine and is so arranged that, as the cards H! are successively presented for observation, they are Withdrawn from the bottom of 4 the aforesaid stack and thereafter returned to the top of the stack.

Cards The question cards [2 employed in the machine herein illustrated are rectangular in shape, and are presently, although not necessarily, presented horizontally, i. e., with the long side of the rectangle at the top. Formed in each card I2 is a notch I3 which may be positioned at any of a number of discrete points along the top edge of the card, the positioning of the notch I3 being coordinated with the correct answer to the question on the card and certain of the cards, 1. e., break cards, having the notch in a particular position to operate control means hereinafter to be described.

On the question cards themselves, the question is arranged in a left-hand question area M on the front of the card and may be in printed form or graphic form as desired. The questions are of the multiple answer selection type, the group of possible answers appearing in the question area it of the card. The correct answer to the question, together with certain explanatory matter, if desired, is printed in a right-hand answer area E5 of the card, immediately adjacent the question area i4 so that when the entire face of the card is exposed, the correct answer may be compared with the question.

Card-withdrawing means The cards are withdrawn from the bottom of the aforesaid stack by a reciprocating carriage or table .20 which moves rearwardly of the machine to underlie the stack and then forwardly, having knife members 2| which carry forward the lowermost card of the stack l l.

Card-exhibitin means As the card is brought forward from the magazine i 0, as just described, it enters a pair of jaws 23 which move the same upwardly to a position adjacent a sensing station under a viewing window 24. During the time that the card is being brought forward and raised to a position adjacent the viewing window 24, this motion is not visible to an observer by reason of the fact that a preceding card I2 is already in place in the window. Upon withdrawal of said preceding card, as will be hereinafter described, the card held in the aforesaid jaws, havin been thrust upwardly by a pair of ejectors 25, is visible in the window.

The right-hand portion of the window 24, through which the answer area [5 is to be viewed, is initially obscured by a shutter 26. When the observer has indicated his answer, or when the prescribed length of time for answering th question has elapsed, the shutter is withdrawn and the answer is visible.

Card-return means After the card has been exhibited, the question answered, and the score recorded, the card is moved out of the window 24 by means of a pair of opposed rollers 30-3], moving upwardly and rearwardly and being discharged into the top of the 1inlalgazine ID to fall on top of th aforesaid s ac Scoring means Arranged along the upper edge of the viewing window 24, and out of sight of the observer, is a series of electrical switches 33. These switches have operating levers 34 which project downwardly into position to b engaged by the upper edge of the successive cards 12 as they are positioned under the viewing window 24. All of the switch-operating levers 34, except one which is adjacent the notch I 3 in the particular card then in place in the viewing window, are moved by the card to operate the switch as the card is moved in place. Thus, one only of the various switches is in an unoperated condition during the exhibiting of any particular card. The switches are con nected through a circuit hereinafter to be described in more detail so that if the correct answer is indicated by pressing the correct one of a number of buttons 35 on the front of the machine, a score counter 36 is advanced. If any one of the incorrect buttons is pressed, the shutter 2% is withdrawn from the answer area, but the score counter 36 is de-energized so that the correct answer may not thereafter be recorded.

One of the switches 33' is so positioned so as to beresponsive only to the notch 53 in th break cards. This break switch, as it is termed herein, serves to energize a circuit which clears or resets the score counter 36 at the beginning of the next successive group of questions following th break.

A timer 3! is provided in connection with the scorin means and is adapted to de-energize the score counter and prevent recording the score of an answer, if no answer has been indicated after a predetermined exposed period of the question.

A warning light 38 is mounted under a window 43 adjacent the front of the machine so that the observer is warned just prior t the termination of the answer period above described.

Each of the break cards is printed with a set of instructions for operating the machine and an operating button 3a is provided among those mounted on the front of the machine which is pressed to advance the next successive card under the window after the preceding question has been answered or the answer period has elapsed.

Having described the basic functional elements of the quiz machine incorporating our invention,

the structural details will now be described. The entir unit is mounted on a base le and provided with a housing 41, which housing has mounted in the forward sloping surfaces thereof the card- .viewing window 2 3, and a pair of smaller windows 42 and 43 through which the score counter and warnin light, respectively, may be observed.

A sub-base 45 is mounted to the upper surface of the lower base it and carries secured thereto a number of upright stanchions supporting the various mechanical elements of the machine. The magazine it which receives the stack i i of cards [2 is formed with two vertical side pieces 49 which are attached to the sub-base 55 whereby to support the magazine thereabove. The magazine i 0 also includes transverse forward and rearward walls 46 and 41, which are arranged to form a box-like receptacle for the card stack H. The rearward wall 4'! is hinged at as so that the same may be opened to the position indicated by phantom line'in Figure 4, whereby the cards 12 are initially installed in the magazine. The upper portion of the rearward wall if of the magazine I0 is curved forwardly so that cards discharged into'the magazine by the feed roller 39 will, upon strikingthe rearward wall 5?, be directed downwardly to the stack I l.

The bottom of the magazine In is formed by a horizontal plate 50 which forms part of the reciprocating'table '20. As can be seen best in Figure 4,the longitudinal dimensions of the plate Snare such that in spite of the reciprocal motion thereof, a su'flicient portion of the plate 50 is *seen in Figure 4.

always in place under the stack of cards H to support the same. It should also be noted that the lower edge of the forward transverse wall 46 is so spaced above the plate 50 as to permit the passage of only one card thereunder during the forward motion of the reciprocating table 20.

In order to permit the reciprocating motion of the table 20, this member is mounted on a pair of longitudinal tracks 51, which are in turn supported from the sub-base by vertical stanchions 52 and 53. The plate is supported on the tracks 5| by means of downwardly extending brackets 55, each carrying transverse rollers 54 above and below the tracks 5!.

The table 20 is driven in its reciprocal motion by a drive motor which rotates a crank 6|, the outer end of which is pivotally connected by a connecting rod 62 and a multiplying link 63 to a bracket 64 secured to the bottom of the plate 50. It will be noted that the lower ends of the multiplying link 6-3 is pivotally connected to the sub-base 45 by means of a bracket 65 secured to the sub-base l5 and carryinga' pin 66 movable in a slot 61 in the link t3. Thus the reciprocal motion of the table 2!? is approximately twice the total throw of the crank Si by reason of the multiplication achieved through the link 63.

' A cam disc 10 is also rotated by the ,motor 60, the cam 'lil having a dwell H therein into which an actuating roller 12 of a switch 13 falls, the purpose being to interrupt the motor circuit when the crank iii has made a single revolution, thus permitting but one reciprocal cycle of move- 'ment of the table 2t each time the cycle of operation is initiated. Details of the connection of the switch 13 will be described in more detail hereinafter.

As can be seen best in Figure 4, the bracket 64 secured to the under surface of the plate 5! is formed with a longitudinal slot 15 in which a sliding pin it rides, the pin being connected at its foremost end by a cross bar 74 to crank arms I8, rotatably carried on a transverse rock shaft 19. Thus, as the connecting rod 17 is thrust forwardly, as aforesaid, the crank arms F8 are rocked in a clockwise direction, as indicated in Figure 5. A tension spring 83, connected to the cross bar M and anchored to a stanchion 52a, pulls rearwardly on the cranks it, normally holding the jaws 23 in the uptilted position illustrated in Figure 4.

Secured to upper extension of the crank arms 18 is the aforementioned pair of card-receivin jaws 23, each of said jaws being formed with upper and lower spring members and 8 i which are positioned and adaptedto receive the forwardedge of the card therebetween, as can be When the table 20 reaches its forward position, the jaws 23 are rocked against the urging of the spring 83 into a horizontal'position, whereby to receive the forward 'edge'of'the card [2 whichis resiliently gripped between the members 86 and 8|. When the 'table again 'moves rearwardly, the spring 83,

pulling rearwardly on the cross bar M, rotates the'crankarms 18 in a counterclockwise direction, swingingthecard-upwardly into theposi- 7 tion shown in Figure 4 and indicated by the reference character I2. As previously stated, all of the foregoing movements of the card from the bottom of the stack ll into the position indicated by the reference character l2 are not visible through the window 24 by reason of the fact that a preceding card 12 lies under the window 24, being held in this position by being gripped between the resilient discharge rollers 30. It should be also noted that the position of the notch in the upper edge of the card in the position [2 is not visible to the observer.

Before the jaws 23 may be rocked downwardly to receive the forward edge of the card l2, it is necessary that the preceding card held by the jaws in the position indicated in Figure 4 be ejected from the jaws 23. For this purpose, a pair of slidable ejectors 25 are mounted on sloping tracks 85, the tracks 85 being positioned on either side of the card path and supported by upright stanchions 86 secured to the sub-base 45. The ejectors '25 each include an angular sheet metal member 81 which slidably straddles the tracks 85, being urged rearwardly by a tension spring 88. Secured to the sheet metal frame 8'! is a block 89 having a card-receiving groove 90 formed in the forward edge thereof, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

Each of the ejector frames 81 has formed thereon an outwardly extending flange 91 positioned and adapted to be engaged by a pressure roller 92, rotatably mounted on the upper end of a crank 93, two such cranks being provided and secured to the ends of the rock shaft 19. Rotation of the cranks 93 in a clockwise direction causes the rollers 92 to press forwardly on the flanges 9|, carrying the ejectors 2'5 upwardly along the inclined tracks 85.

A downwardly extending arm 94 of the crank 93 on the near end of the rock shaft '79 (in Figure 7) has formed thereon an outwardly extending crank pin 95 adapted to receive thrusting motion in a forward direction such as to rock the two cranks 93 in a clockwise direction, as above described.

Pivotally secured to the near side of the reciprocal table 20 is a thrust rod 96 which, by reason of its pivotal connection, hangs downwardly with its lower edge slidably supported on the crank pin 95. Part way along the lower edge of the thrust rod 96 is a shoulder 91, so positioned that when the table 20 approaches the forward end of its travel, the shoulder 91 engages the pin 95, thrusting forwardly in the direction of the arrow indicated on Figure 7, to rock the crank shafts 93 in a clockwise direction to move the ejectors upwardly, as previously described.

Such upward motion of the ejectors 25 engages the forward edge of the card then held in the jaws 23, said forward edge entering the notch 99 in the block 89 whereby the card is carried forwardly out of the jaws 23, being moved upwardly by the ejectors 25 until the upper edge of the card just enters between the discharge rollers 30. As will be hereinafter described, the preceding .card immediately above the card held in the ejectors 25 has been discharged by the rollers 38 into the magazine H], the intermediate position being shown in phantom line in Figure 4.

As the ejectors 25 reach the upper end of their travel along the tracks 85 and the card carried thereby is received between the rollers 30, the forward-lower end of the thrust rod 96 encounters a rotatable circular boss 98 secured to one of the stanchions 86. The forward end of the thrust rod 96 being beveled, as shown in Figure 7, this member rides up on the boss 98, disengaging the shoulder 97 from the crank pin 95 and permitting the tension spring 88 to return the ejectors to their initial position, indicated in Figure 4.

The proportioning of the thrust rod 96 and the position of the shoulder 91 thereon is such that the operation of the ejectors to move the card upwardly into position between the rollers 53% takes place just prior to the rocking motion of the jaws 23 preparatory to receiving the next card from the reciprocal table 20.

As previously mentioned, the card which is exposed under the window is discharged rearwardly into the magazine just prior to the movement of the ejectors 2', as previously described. Thus it will be seen that the rollers 39 must be rotated intermittently, such rotation being desired only for a period long enough to move a card from its exposed position in the window 24 rearwardly into the stack ll. Such intermittent rotation of the rollers 30 is accomplished by means of a mulitated roller drive comprising a drive roller 606, having a peripheral lobe IUI formed thereon which is adapted to engage a rubber-faced driven roller Hi2 mounted adjacent the drive roller [60. The drive roller N10 is continuously rotated by means of a sprocket chain I33 which connects the roller Hill with the drive motor lid by means of sprockets I04 on the motor shaft, and H15 on the shaft of the drive roller I'llii. Thus it will be seen that once during each revolution of the drive motor shaft, the driven roller I02 is rotated by an amount determined by the peripheral length of the lobe Illl. The driven roller 32 is in turn connected through a sprocket drive comprising drive sprocket I06, a chain I ill, and a driven sprocket I08, to the shaft of one of the discharge rollers 36. It will be seen that, due to the relatively large size of the drive sprocket I06 as compared with the driven sprocket I08, the roller 30 connected with the latter makes several revolutions as the result of a partial revolution only of the driven roller N12. The extent of the lobe H)! is made just sufficient to rotate the roller 30 sufliciently to discharge the card, as previously described. By the time the ejectors 25 move the next successive card into position between the rollers 30, they have just come to rest after driven rotation, as previously described. Thus the card is supported under the window 24 by the pressure of engagement of the rollers 36.

Having described the individual elements for moving the cards from the bottom of the stack Ii forwardly, up under the window 24, through the discharge rollers 30, and back to the stack H, the entire operation will now be described in the order of its occurrence.

The motor 60 is energized to start rotation of the crank shaft 6| in a clockwise direction. The table 20 is moved through the operation of the crank shaft 6|, the connecting rod 62 and the link 63, first rearwardly to position the card knives 2i behind the r'earmost edge of the lowermost card in the stack II, and then forwardly to carry said knife-engaged card forwardly toward the jaws 23. During the initial portion of the table movement, the jaws 23 are in the position indicated in Figure 4, and remain in this position until the rearmost end of the slot engages the pin 76 to thrust forwardly on the connecting rod, 71. Concurrently with motion of the table 20, the rollers 30 are rotating by reason of the intermittent drive IOU-I02 to discharge the then exposed card rearwardly into the magazine I0.. As. the table 23 moves forwardly, the thrust. rod 93 slides over the pin 95 until the shoulder" 91' engages therewith, actuating. the ejectors and. moving the jaw-held card upwardly into gripping engagement with the rollers 33; which have by this time ceased their. driven rotation. Thereafter, the rearward end of the slot. I? engages the pin IE to rock the jaws. 23 forwardly as previously described- Thereafter, the forward edge of the card I2 carried by the table enters. between the jaw member 8U8I. and. is gripped thereby. Thereafter, the table moves. rearwardly until the dwell II enters under the switch-actuating roller I2, causing the switch I3 to interrupt the power delivered to. the motor 60, and terminating the operation. As soon as the table 20 starts its rearward: motion and relieves the pressure of the connectin rod. 11, the spring. 83 tilts the jaw-held card upwardly, as shown in Figure 4.

It. will be remembered that when a. card I2. is initially exposed in the window 24,. the right hand question area thereof is obscured by a shutter 26. After a predetermined answering time has elapsed, or when the operator has selected an answer by pressing one of the buttons 35, the shutter. 2.54s. moved to. the right to expose the. answer inthe area. I5. Details: of the shuttermoving mechanism are illustrated in Figure 8.

It. willbe seen. thatthe.v shutter 26 is carriedv by a carriage II5, slidably mounted on a transverse track. M6, the track. being supported. on a stanchion ILI 'I' secured to. the. sub-base. 45. In general, the actuation. of the shutter is. by means. of two solenoids. I I8.- and H3, the former operating to withdraw theshutter (to the right in Fig-- ure. 2). and. the. latter operating through alatch mechanism to release the. shutter and permit a tension spring. I20 to: return it to the answercoyering position indicated in. full line in.Figure 2.

The linkage. between the. shutter-withdrawing; solenoid". IIS and the shutter 26' includes a core I2]. adapted to be drawn. downwardly into the solenoid. coil; I22. when the latter. is energized, said core I2 I. being. operatively connected bymeans. of. a pair of. forwardly projecting flangesv i235 and. [2.41 to a. bell crank I25, pivotally sup-- ported. on a pivot. screw I26. The bell crank carries. on. an. upwardly projecting arm l2! thereoffia pin I28 whichis positioned and. adapted to engage. a. Z-shaped lever I29, also/pivoted on thezpivot. screw I26.. The upper end of the lever I29. is. connected. by a pin [3b and slot I3I connection. to the carriagev H5, whereby rocking movement. of. the. lever I29 (to. the left in Figure: 8) withdraws the. shutter. 26;

Whenthe. shutter 26 is withdrawn to its open position, it is caught. by a latch member I 32 piyotally mounted on a. pivotscrew I33. A com-- pression spring I34 urges the latch member I32 upwardly whereby to. normally hold the shutter 26" in. retracted or open position by virtue of the engagement of a pawle-like portion I35 with the. forwardlend'. ofithecarriage I.I5.. The open position of the shutter 25 indicated in. phantom lineinFigureB.

Upon energization of. the solenoid I.I-9, a core.

[33 therein,, which is. engaged by a yoke connection with the latch member I32, is pulled downwardly, thus rotating the latch member I32 in.

a counter clockwi'se direction to the position shown in dotted. line in Figure 8, whereby to release the pawl member 135 and permit the spring? r-zrto urge the lever I29 in clockwise ro- 10! lever 10 tation to move the shutter 26V to closed or answercovering position.v

Mounted on the rear of the track II6 (to the left in Figure 8) is a conventional. toggle switch I40 having an upwardly extending. operating lever I il. Secured to the shutter 26. is a switchactuating member I42, having. its left-hand end formed with av downwardly disposed yoke-like opening I43,

Ml. Thus, as the shutter moves from closed to open position, or vice versa, the sides of the yoke I43 engage the switch-operating lever It! and. operate the same. to open or close the switch, depending on the direction of motion of the shutter. The arrangement. of the switch is such that when the shutter is in closedposition, the switch is closed, and when the shutter is in open position, the switch is open.

For a description of the electrical circuit, reference should now be had to Figure 9. In. general, the electrical. components of the device under discussion comprises a number of manually operated and mechanically operated switches, a number of multiple-pole. relays, a number of solenoids, counters, and other elements, which serve to coordinate the movement of the cards, the operation of the shutter, and the recordation of the score. While as a. matter of practical design, it may be preferable to select electrical components which operate on: various different voltages, for purposes of simplicity the herein described device is shown as operating on a single voltage. V

Before proceeding witha detailedldescription of I the operation of the circuit, the basiccomponents thereof may befunc'tionally described as follows. There are a total of eight. relays. employed, four of which, I through. I53, arev double-pole, double-throw, and arev operated individually whenever an appropriate answer button 35 is depressed. One of the relays I 54 isthree-pole, double-throw, and is actuated. whenever a break card is in the viewing window 24; Another of the relays I55 is double-pole, double-throw, and is actuated by the closing of the shutter switch I43, which in turn is actuated by the opening and closing of the shutter. Still. another relay I53 is double-pole, double-throw, and is actuated by the motor-limiting switch 1.3, which. in turn is ac tuated by the cam 10.. The. final relay I5! is double-pole, double-throw, andisactuated by the operating button 33; depression of which. serves to initiate the cycle of. operation of themachine.

The push buttons 35 and. the operating button 39, hereinafter called thev go button, all. operate switches' which are part. of a compound push button switch of the type. commonly used as astation selector switch in radio. receiving sets. The mechanical construction ofthe switch is such that when depressed, the. buttonst35 remain depressed while the go button39, when depressed, unlocks the other buttons and will itself return to normal undepressed. position when released. The switches operated by thefour answer buttons 35 are indicated by the reference characters Nil through I64 in the drawings, whilethereference character I65 identifies the switch. operated by the go button 39.

The sensing switches 33,. previously referred. to, which are actuated by the upper. edge of. the cards as they appear in the viewing window 2.4, are individually identified by the reference characters I55 through I63, and each of. these. sensing switches is responsive to' a particularly positioned notch in the upper edge of the card, i. e.. the

embracing the. switch-operating.

11 left-hand notch position activates switch I 66, the next notch to the right activates switch I61, etc. The switches I66-I 69 are all closed when no card is in the window and are, all but one, opened by a card being placed in the window, said one remaining closed.

One of the sensing switches 33, i. e., that to the extreme right in Figure 2, is denominated the break card sense switch, identified in the wiring diagram by the reference character I1I. When a break card is in the viewing window 24, the switch I1I is closed.

The motor limit switch 13 is so adapted that the switch is closed when the motor is in any position other than the rest position with the actuating roller 12 in the dwell 1| of the cam 10.

As has already been described, the shutter switch I40 is so arranged that when the shutter is open, the switch is open, and vice versa.

The score counter 36 is of the type conventionally used in pin-ball games and other amusement devices, in which a visible score indicating member is advanced each time the counter receives an electrical impulse. Mechanically linked to the score counter 36 is a clearing or reset solenoid I14, the function of which is to return the score counter to zero when the solenoid I14 is actuated.

Three additional counters, similar to the score counter 36 except that no provision is made therein to automatically return them to zero, are identified in the wiring diagram by the reference characters I12, I13 and I18. The function of the two counters I12 and I13 is to indicate the number of times each of two selected answers is correctly given, and the counter I18 indicates the total number of cards played. Thus, by so arranging the answer cards that certain answer numbers are correct for only a select group of questions, statistical data can be compiled as to public knowledge on certain subjects, when the machine herein described is used for the general amusement and edification of the public.

A solenoid I15 is mechanically connected to the interval timer 31 so that actuation of the solenoid I15 returns the interval timer to its initial or starting position. The interval timer itself contains a pair of normally open, single-pole, singlethrow switches I80 and I 8!, respectively, which are mechanically closed by an electrical clock motor I82, the operation being such that the switch I80 is closed first and shortly thereafter the switch I8I is closed.

A chime I is provided and connected in parallel with the score counter 36 so that a chime is rung each time a correct answer is indicated.

Power for the operation of the unit is supplied through leads I58 under the control of a doublethrow, single-pole switch I59.

For the purposes of describing the operation of the machine, let it be assumed that a break card is in the viewing window 24, and that switch I 1| is therefore in closed position. Closure of the switch I1I serves to connect the coil of the solenoid I54 across operating voltage supplied through an above-ground-potential buss I90 and a ground return I9I, thus moving the three contact blades I92, I93 and I94, of the relay I54 from their position shown in Figure 9.

Let it now be assumed that the go button 39 is depressed to initiate the operation of a card-displaying cycle. Depression of the go button 39 closes the blades I95 and I96 of switch I65 against their respective contacts. Closure of the contact blade I95 against its respective fixed contact which, as shown, at

ground potential, operates to complete a power circuit from said grounded contact in the switch I65 through a conductor I91, a closed switch blade I98 in the relay I 55, a conductor I99, the operating coil of the relay I51, and a conductor 200, to the above-ground-potential buss I90. Completion of the power circuit through the relay I51 serves to close the switch blades 20I and 202 thereof. Closure of the blade 20I against the fixed contact 203 serves to deliver power to the motor 60 through the ground return 204.

It will be noted that the relay blade I98 in the relay I55 is closed by reason of the closed condition of the switch I40. It will be remembered that the switch I40 is closed only when the shutter is closed. In the event that the shutter should be open with a break card in the viewing window 24, the switch I40 would then be open also, the relay I55 un-energized, and the blade I98, as a consequence, open. Thus, the above mentioned power circuit to the motor-operating relay I51 could not be completed by depression of the go button 39. A parallel circuit to deliver power to the motor-operating relay I51 is provided through a conductor 220, thence through a blade I92 in the relay I54 (closed by reason of the break card sensing switch I1I being closed), thence through a conductor HI, and a conductor 222, to the coil of the relay I51. Thus it will be seen that the motor is started by depression of the go button 39, whether the shutter 25 be open or closed.

Closure of the switch blade 202 of the relay I51 against the grounded fixed contact 205 connects power across the shutter-closing solenoid II9 through the connectors 206 and 201, closing the shutter and the switch I40.

As soon as the motor 60 starts to operate, the switch-actuating roller 12 of the switch 13 is lifted out of the dwell 1I, thus closing the switch 13 and connecting power from a grounded return 208 thereof through a connector 209 to the actuating coil of the relay I55, the latter being connected through a conductor 2I0 to the aboveground-potential buss I90. Thus, the relay I55 is energized and the contact blades 2H and 2I2 are in their lowermost positions at all times during which the motor is running. Closure of the upper blade 2I2 of the relay I55 against a fixed contact 2l4 serves to place a permanent ground on the relay I51, thus to keep the motor running, even after the "go button 39 is released.

Closure of the blade I96 of the go switch I65 connects a ground connection 2250f the relay I55 through the lower switch blade 2 (initially in the position shown in Figure 9 until the motor limit switch 13 is closed), through a conductor 226, a conductor 221, a relay blade I94 in the relay I54 (in closed position due to the position of the break card), a conductor 228 to the counter reset solenoid I14, the other side of which is connected to the above-ground-potential buss I90, thus actuating the solenoid I14. Actuation of the solenoid I14 returns the score counter 36 to zero, in preparation for totalizing the score of the next group of cards.

Once the motor limit switch 13 has closed to energize the relay I56 and move the blade 2 downwardly, it is no longer possible to actuate the reset solenoid during the display of the next group of cards, since the circuit to the reset solenoid I14 is broken either by the switch blade 2 being in its lowermost position and/or the switch blade I94 in the relay I54 being in s p ime P t o Th refore, it is impossible to inadvertently reset. the score counter. 36 to zero before the total. number of cards. in a group of questions has passed, through the machine and a break card again closes the switch Ill.

It should be noted that whenever the shutter switch, Mil is open and. the relay I55 de-energized, an. upper blade 233 thereof is against, a fixed contact 23! connected. by a conductor 232 to the timer reset solenoid H. The. blade 230 of the relay [5.5 is. connected by a conductor 233 to a. fixed. contact 213. in the. relay I56, which in turn is connected to the ground return 225? in the relay 1'55. Thus, whenever the motor switch 73' is open, and, the shutter switch Mt is open,

a circuit is completed to the timer: reset solenoid I15, thus returning the timer 3'! to zero, or starting position.

When the motor in has completed one cycle, moving a question card into the window 2d, the motor limit switch is opened by operation of the cam it! which in turn de-energizes the re"- lay rec. De-energization. of the relay l55 moves the blade Elli thereof into position against the fixed contact thus completing acircuit from the ground return connection 225 through the conductor 233,,the upper switch blade 2313 (closed by reason. of' the; shutter being closed), through a conductor 255, through a switch blade tilt; in the relay ltd (in uppermost position by reason of" the break card switch ill being open), through a. conductor 23% to the timer 3'11 Completion of the circuit just described energizesthe timer motor l E-E and starts the answer pcv riod; running. When all but ten. seconds of the answer period has elapsed, the switch we isclosed; energizing the warning light: W6. Upon completion ofthe answering period; the switch NH closes which, through a conductor 2.3T, connects a ground return to the shutter opening solenoid HS, thus opening the shutter and also the shutter switch Mil, which, as previously described, resets the timer to zero.

Thus far, the operations required to: bring the first question card into the window 24 have been described. blow follows a description of the question-answering circuit and the score counters.

For convenience in reference, the four answer buttons-have been marked A, E, C, and D, and the sensing switches ltd through 563 have been marked A, E, 6, and D, in accordance with the answer button to which they are related. Also the two: special question counters i 12 and H3 have been: marked Band D; thus indicatingthat It will be remembered that the shutter 25 and.

switch hill. are closed, and hence: the.- blades oi the. relay l55 in lowermost.position, and the mo-- tor limit switchv and the relay I56 are in. open position. Therefore, a ground circuit. is.- com-- pleted. from the ground connection. 225 through the relay blade 212, conductor. 233., relay blade.

.230; conductor 235', relay blade 1193,. to the. conarsenals.

ductor 23.5. It will be seen from an. examination of Figure" 9' that the only source of ground potential to any of the contacts or blades. in the push button switch IE5 is through. the. conductor 236. It will also be noted that one side of each of, the. relays I50 through IE3 is con.-

nected' to the above-ground-potential buss. lilil,

therefore connection of the, other side. of any of said last-mentionedv relays to ground energizes the same to close the double-pole, switch blades thereof.

Bearing in mind. the, conditions just stated, assume that any answer button is. depressed. with the B answer card in. the window 24. The first efif'ect of such depression. is to open the, shutter 26. This is accomplished by reason of the fact that one side of. the shutter-opening. solenoid I88 is connectcdto the conductor 2.37 and a com.- monconductor 238v to one contact in each of. the. switches Hi! through. Hi l. .An examination of the contacts. 251 through. 254 thus connectedshows that. depression of any one of the buttons 35 closes a. circuit between the ground retumconductor 235, and. the conductor 238., thus to actuate. the solenoid Lit;

Since opening of the shutter also opens switch. M9 and hence the. relay I the con nection through the blade 23B is broken, and hence the ground connection to the common ground conductor 236. is; broken, and further depression. of any of the. buttons .35 produces no results. Movement of the blade 23%} in the re-- lay I55 to the fixed contact 23! also resets thetimer as previously described.

The results just described will occur regardless of which of the buttons: 35 is depressed". However, if the button, depressed is the B. button, i. e., the correct answer to the card then in the window, the following: additional results will occur. A switch. blade M93" in the switch I52 will be closed against its: fixed contact, thus completing a ground circuit from the common ground conductor 236 through switch. blades 2M, 24.! and 243.111 the other'switohes Hil I63 and IE4, respectively, through the then-closed sensing switch ii -l, to the relay' 15!, thus. closing the same. Closure of the blade 241 in the relay 1st completes a circuit from a ground connection 245 therein through a common conductor 246 the score counter 36, thus advancing the same.

' Closure of the otherblad'e 2.41 in the relay I51. connects the ground connection 2% through a conductor M8 to the special question counter 112, thus recording the fact that a B question was correctly answeredl.

It will be noted. that, by reason of the series. connection oftheswitch blades 2st, 242, and 2% with the switch blade z ilhthe simultaneous de.- pression of any two or more buttons will produce no results since the circuit. from the common ground connector 235 will not be completed.

Bearing in' mind the preceding paragraph, it will be seen that unless provisionwere made to. the contrary, simultaneous depression of two answer buttons 35 while having no effect on. the score counter. 315, would, through the operation of the contacts 251' through 254, open the shutter. and tie-energize the system making further play impossible without. resetting. To obviate this. re. suit in the event two answer buttons should. be inadvertently depressed at. the same. time, each of the contacts 25l through 251i.- is. inaseries. circuit which includes a normally closed switch 255.

in each of the other switch assembles IBI-IM.

'chime I'll] with the score counter 36, the correct :answer also rings the chime.

If no answer button is depressed during the answer time interval, as determined by the timer 3?, operation of the switch I8I, as previously described, will open the shutter and also the switch I40. As previously described, opening of the switch M breaks the ground connection with the common conductor 236, and thus makes actuation of any of the relays I50 through I53 impossible.

The arrangement of each of the switches IfiI, I 63 and I64 is analogous to that described in connection with switch E82, i. e., that controlled by the B button. Depression of the correct answer button actuates the counter through the equivalent relay I50, II, I52 or I53, and depression of any but the correct button opens the shutter and de-energizes the system so that the score cannot thereafter be advanced by depressing the correct answer button.

It will be noted that the relays I50 and 552, responsive to the answer buttons A and C, respectively, are provided with extra contacts whereby. additional special question counters may be provided in order to keep an even more detailed record of answers than is provided in the present embodiment.

Each time the go button 39 is pressed to move a card through the window, the relay I5! is, as previously described, closed to actuate the motor. Actuation of the relay I5! also serves to close a ground return circuit from a fixed contact 205 through the switch blade 202 to close the shutter. Another conductor 25I is also connected to the switch blade I5? and leads to the total operation counter I18 which accordingly totalizes the number of cards passed through the machine (including break cards). Thus by a comparison of the readings of the special question counters I12 and I13 with the reading of the totalizer counter I16, a determination can be made of the percentage of correct answers to questions which are correctly answered by either the B or D buttons.

The scoring of the questions may be accomplished in various ways. For instance, each of the groups may be comprised of a series of equivalent questions with the same number of questions in each group. Thenthe score advance, for example, twenty points, for a correct answer of each of a group of five questions gives a perfeet score of 100. Alternatively, the counter can be set to advance only ten points for a correct answer and a series of ten cards be placed in each group. The selection of questions in each group can be difierent, while maintaining the same number of questions in each group, or if desired, the different groups may have different numbers of cards with the maximum total score being printed on the break card following each group, whereby the player or operator can determine how close he came to a perfect score.

A particular advantage of presenting question and answer material in the manner or" our invention lies in the fact that a pictorial representation of material such, for example, as an airplane to be identified, can be so printed on the card as to be partially obscured by the shutter. Upon pressing an answer button, the shutter is removed, revealing the entire picture.

While the machine shown and described herein is fully capable of achieving the objects and providing the advantages hereinbeiore stated, it will be realized by those skilled in the art that it is capable of considerable modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. For this reason, we do not mean to be limited to the form shown and described, but rather to the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In combination in a quiz machine of the class described: a series of indicia elements each bearing a question; means forming a viewing station adapted to receive one at a time of said elements to display said question; a plurality of manually operable members, each adapted to indicate one of a plurality of possible answers to each of said questions, one of which answers is correct; score means operatively connected to said members and adapted to register a correct answer to a question then displayed in said station; means interconnecting said members and operatively connected to said score means whereby to deactivate the latter upon operation of any of said members except that indicating said correct answer; and advancing means independent of' said operable members to move said indicia elements one at a time into said station, said advancing means being operatively connected to said score means to reactivate the same upon operation of said advancing means to move a new indicia element into said station.

2. In combination in a quiz machine of the class described; a series of indicia bearing elements, each having presented thereon, a question in one area of a given surface thereof and a correct answer to said question in another area of said surface; means forming a viewing station adapted to receive said indicia elements for observation by an operator; advancing means to present said elements, one after the other, at said viewing station to display said areas; physical codifying means in each of said elements, said codifying means being correlated with said correct answer; a plurality of sensing elements adjacent said station, each of said sensing elements being responsive to a particularly coded indicia element; a plurality of answering elements operable by said operator to answer a question in said station; score registering means; means connecting each of said answering elemeans through one of said sensing elements to said score means whereby operation Of the answering element corresponding to the correct answer to the question then in said viewing station advances said score; means to initially obscure said answer area of an indicia element in said viewing station; and means responsive to operation of said answering elements, independent of said advancing means, and operatively connected to said obscuring means to reveal said answer upon operation of any one of said answering elements while leaving said indicia element in said viewing station whereby to permit visual comparison of said question and answer.

3. In a quiz machine of the class described: a series of indicia receiving elements, each having presented in a first area of a given surface thereof a question and a plurality of possible answers to said question, one of which answers is correct, said elements each having in a separate area of said surface, a second representation of said correct answer; advancing means to move and sequentially position said elements at a viewing asegoso station to display said first question area; means in each of said indicia elements to codify the same, said codifying means being formed in said element outside said areas in one of a number of discrete positions in accordance with said correct answer; a plurality of sensing elements adjacent said viewing station, said sensing elements being responsive to said indicia means and said codifying means whereby one only of said sensing elements is actuated differently from the others by each of said indicia elements when the latter is positioned in said viewing station; a plurality of manually operable members adjacent said station, each of said members correspond g t one of said ossible answers whereby op r tion of one of said members answers said ques ion; score registering means; means connecting each .of said members through one of said sensing elements to said score means whereby actuation of said member corresponding to. said correct answer of the indicia element. then in said viewing station advances said score registering means; means adjacent said/viewing station obscuring said separate answer area; means responsive to actuation of any of said indicatory members, and independent of said advancing means, to move said obscuring means to reveal said correct answer while leaving said indicia element then in said station immobile whereby to permit visual comparison of said question and revealed anaratory elements having formed therein discrete-' eodiiying means; a distinct sensing element adjacent said viewing station and responsive to said discrete codifying means; and score clearing means connected through said separate sensing element and adapted to clear said score registering means whenever said separatory element is positioned in said viewing station.

5. The construction set forth in claim 3 further characterized by having timer means operatively connected to said obscuring means and adapted to move said obscuring means to reveal said correct answer at a predetermined time after the initial placement of said indicia element in said viewing station whereby to prevent advancement of said score means after said predetermined period.

6. In a quiz machine of the type in which a plurality of indicia bearing elements are sequentially presented at a viewing station and in which means are provided to indicate answers to questions on said indicia bearing means and further totalizing means are provided to register the .score of correct answers to said questions, question gr upin m ns compris ng: a plurality f 'separatory elements similar in size a d shape to 'said indicia elements and distributed at intervals in said series of indicia elements said sep- 1 aratory elements having codifying means f rmed therein; a sensing element adjacent said viewing station responsive to said codifying means; and means under the control of said sensing means to Qclear said score totalizing means.

'7. In combination in a quiz machine of the Y jclass described: a s ries of indi ia bearin ele- .men ts operable by said operator to answer a question said station; score registering means;

swa ms, element co r spon n to the correct answer to the question then in said viewing stationadvances said score; means interconnecting sai ma elements ada ed to deactivate s score m an wh reby t p eve t vancem ther-sci after oper tion of an answer element i orrect answer to the Question th n in said vi wi tion; and a vari ing means independe f sai an werin e ments to nr sent sa d in c e men n after the other at said viewing stati to ispla said areas thereon. said advan in m n be n one atively connected to sai s r m n o reactivate the same upon opera on of said advancin me ns to more a new indicia elemen into said st tion.

a. Incombimtion in a quiz machin f the class described: a series of indicia bearing lements, each having presented thereon, a qu stio in one area thereof and a correct answer to said question in another area thereof; means forming a viewing station adapted to receive said indicia elements for observation by an operator; physical o ifyin :means in each of said elements, said acidifying means being correlated with said correct answer: a plurality of se n e ment ad ac nt sa d st tion. e ch of said ens n lem nts ei g espon ive to a particu a y o e indicia element; a ni rality of ans ering e me s operable by said operat r to sw r a question in said stationgscore registering means;

mean onnect ng ach of said a sw i g ments hrough ne of sai sensing lemen t said sco e mea whereby operation of h nswe ing element correspond ng t e r ct answer to the question then in said viewing station advances said score; means interconnecting said a swer elements, adapted to deactivate said score means whereby to prevent advancement thereof upon simultaneous operation of any two of said answering lements; and advancin meansindependent of sa d answer ng elements to present said in i i elements one after the other at sa d view ng sta ion to d play sa d areas th eon, said advanoingm ans being p t y connected to said score means to reactivate the same upon operation of .said advancing means to move a new indicia element into said station. 9. a uiz machine of the type in which a plurality of indiciabearing elements are sequentially presented at a viewing station, and in which -means are provided to indicate answers to questions on said indicia bearing means, and further totalizing means are provided to register the score of correct answers to said questions,

said indicia bearing elements one at a time into said station, said transporting means including a manual control which is operated to bring each successive element into said station; a plurality of separatory elements similar in size and shape to said indicia elements and distributed at intervals in said series of indica elements whereby to be periodically moved into said station by operation of said control member, said separatory elements having codifying means formed therein; a sensing element adjacent said viewing station responsive to said codifying means; and correlating means interconnected between said operating member, said sensing element and said totalizing means, whereby operation of said operating member when one of said separatory elements is in said station operates to clear said score totalizing means.

10. In a quiz machine of the type in which a plurality of indicia elements, each bearing a question and a correct answer thereto in different areas of a given surface thereof, are sequentially presented at a viewing station to display said question and in which manually actuated means are provided to indicate answers to said questions, and further means are provided to record said indicated answers when correct, exhibiting means comprising: means to initially obscure said answer area of an indicia element in said viewing station; and means interconnecting said manually actuated means and said ohscuring means and independent of movement of said indicia elements adapted to remove said obscuring means to expose said correct answer upon actuation of the former.

11. The construction of claim further characterized by having timer means connected to said obscuring means and adapted to remove the same and expose said answer after a predetermined time of display of said question.

12. The construction of claim 11 further characterized by having means connected between said timer means and answer recording means adapted to deactivate the latter upon said removal of said obscuring means whereby to prevent recordation of a correct answer after exposure of said correct answer.

13. In a quiz machine of the type in which a plurality of indicia elements, each bearing a question and a correct answer thereto in different areas thereof, are sequentially presented at a viewing station to display said question and in which manually actuated means are provided to indicate answers to said questions, and further means are provided to register said indicated answers when correct, exhibiting means comprising: means to initially obscure said answer area of an indicia element in said viewing station; means interconnecting said manually actuated means and said obscuring means adapted to remove the latter and expose said correct answer upon actuation of the former; and means interconnecting said registering means and said manually actuated means adapted to deactivate the former whereby to prevent registration of a correct answer to a particular question in said viewing station after an initial operation of said manually actuated means.

14. In a machine of the class described and of the type in which a plurality of separate coded elements are sequentially presented at a sensing station, apparatus for storing and moving said elements comprising: a magazine adapted to receive a supply of said elements; a carriage adapted for limited reciprocal movement adjacent said magazine to engage one at a time of said elements and carry the same out of said magazine; transporting means adjacent a limit of travel of said carriage, said transporting means being adapted to engage an element carried by said'carriage and lift the same from said carriage to a position adjacent said sensing station; ejector means adjacent said transporting means adapted to move said element out of said transporting means and into said sensing station; discharge means adjacent said sensing station adapted to engage said element therein and thereafter discharge the same into said magazine; and correlated drive means including power means to reciprocate said carriage, thrust means connecting said carriage and transporting means to move the latter during one predetermined part of the motion of said carriage, second thrust means to operate said ejector means during an.- other predetermined part of the motion of said carriage, and intermittent drive means connected between said power means and discharge means to intermittently operate the latter at predetermined intervals.

15. In a machine of the class described and of the type in which a plurality of separate coded elements are sequentially presented at a sensing station, apparatus for storing and moving said elements comprising: a magazine adapted to receive a stack of said elements, said magazine having at an end of said stack an exit opening positioned and adapted to permit withdrawal of one only at a time, of said elements from said magazine and having an entrance at the opposite end of said stack from said exit opening; a member adjacent said exit opening positioned and adapted for limited reciprocal movement to engage and carry said elements one at a time through said exit; jaw means adjacent a limit of travel of said reciprocal member, said jaw means being adapted to grip an element carried by said member and move the same into a position adjacent said sensing station; ejector means adjacent said jaw means positioned and adapted to move said element gripped by said jaw means out of the same and into said sensing station; discharge means adjacent said sensing station adapted to engage said element when moved into said sensing station and thereafter move the same out of said sensing station and through said entrance into said magazine; and correlated drive means for said reciprocal member, jaw means, ejector means, and discharge means, comprising power means to reciprocate said reciprocal member, a first lost motion connection between said reciprocal member and jaw means to move the latterduring a predetermined part of the motion of said reciprocal member, a second lost motion connection between said reciprocal member and ejector means adapted to move the latter during another predetermined part of the motion of said reciprocal member, and an intermittent drive connection between said power means and discharge means to periodically operate the latter at predetermined intervals.

16. In combination in a quiz machine of the class described: a series of cards each having a question presented thereon, and physical codifying means formed therein correlated with a correct answer to said question; means forming a viewing station adapted to receive and support said cards, one at a time, to display said question; means to transport said cards, one at a "ascigosfe manually operable members, each adapted to indicate one of a plurality of possible answers to each of said questions, one of which answers is correct; score-meansoperatively connected to said members and responsive :to said codifying means to register a correct answer to a question then in said station; means interconnecting said mem- "bers and operatively connected to said score means whereby to deactivate the latter upon operation of any of said members except that indicating said correct answer; and means independent of said operable members and operatively connected between said transport means and score means to reactivate the latter upon operation of said transport means to move a new card into said station.

'17. In a quiz machine of the class described: a series of indicia receiving cards, each having presented in a first area thereof a question and plurality of possible answers to said question, one of which answers is correct, said cards each having in a separate area thereof a second representation of said correct answer; means to store said cards and sequentiallyposition the "same, one at a I "time, at a viewing station to display said question in said cards whereby one only of said sensing eleme'nts "is actuated difierently from the others by each of said cards when the latter is positioned in said viewing station; a plurality of manually operable members adjacent said station, each of said members corresponding'to one of said possi- 'bl'e answers whereby operation of one of said members answers said question; score registering 'means'; means connecting each of said members through one of said sensing elements to said some means whereby actuation of said member corresponding to said correct answer of the card then in said station advances said score registering means; means adjacent said station initially obscuring said separate answer "area; means responsive to actuation of any of said indicatory members to move said obscuring means whereby to reveal said correct answer; and means responsive to said last mentioned means to deactivate said score means whereby to prevent advancement thereof by answering said question after said correct answer is revealed.

18. 'The construction set forth in claim 1 7 further characterized by having in said series of cards a plurality of separatory cards similar in "shape and size to said question :cards, said separatory cards having formed therein codifying means in a difierent position from said codifying means in said question cards; a separate sensing element adjacent said viewing station "and re- 'sponsive to said codifying means in said separatory cards; and score clearing means connected "through said last-mentioned sensing element and adapted to clear said score registering means whenever one of said separatory cards is jpositinned in said station.

T9. The constructionset forth in claim I? "fur- "ther characterized by having timer means operatively connected to said obscuring means and adapted to move said obscuring means to reveal the correct answer area of the card then in said 22. station at a predetermined time alter the initial placement of said card in said station whereby to prevent advancement of said score means after said predetermined period.

20. In a machine of the class described and of the type-inwhicha plurality ofseparated codified cards are sequentially presented at a sensing station, apparatus for storing and moving said cards comprising: a magazine adapted to receive a a stack of said cards, said magazine having at a lower end thereof an exit opening positioned and adapted to permit withdrawal of one only at a "said *wall and tip the same upwardly into a position immediately adjacent said sensing station; a

i pair of slidable ejectors adjacent said last-mentioned position adapted to move into engagement with said card gripped by said jaws and to move said card out of said jaws and into said sensing station; a pair of rollers mounted adjacent said sensing station on aside opposite irom said ejectors, said rollers being positioned and adapted to receive said card for friction engagerotated thereby, a connection between said crank and reciprocal wall whereby to reciprocate said wall as a result of rotation of said power source, a lost motion thrust member connected between said reciprocal wall and said jaws adapted to tilt said jaws during one predetermined part of the "motion of said reciprocal wall, a second lost motion connection member connected between said reciprocal wall and said ejectors, said second lost motion connection member being adapted :to move said ejectors during another predetern-fined part of the motion of said reciprocal wall, and an intermittent rotary drive comprising amutilated driving roller connected to said power source and a driven friction roller connected to intermittently rotate said card gripping rollers at predetermined intervals.

'21. In a machine of the class described and of the type in which a plurality of separate codifie'd cards are sequentially presented ata sensing station, a circuit for comparing data supplied to said machine with data carried by said cards 'W'hdCh comprises: a plurality of normally closed sensing switches adjacent said sensing station, said switches having operating means adapted to be engaged by a card in said sensing station wherebyall' but one of said sensing switches are -=opened by a card in said station, said one switch remaining closed depending on the codification of the card then in said station; a plurality of separate normally open, manually operated data input switches, one connected in series with each of said sensing switches; a plurality of relays, each having an operating coil connected in series with one of said data switches and said assoma ted sensing switch; a main electric power -sourceconnected to said associated relays and switches in a series parallel circuit whereby closure of the data switch connected to the sensing switch remaining closed operates the relay con- "nected to said data switch; and means including with one of said data switches and said power source whereby operation of morethan one at a time of said data switches breaks said power -circuit.

23. The construction set forth in claim 22 further characterized by having a second plurality of normally closedblocking switches each mechanically connected to one of said data switches whereby closure of one of said data switches opens at least one of said second blocking switches and said second blocking switches being electrically connected into a plurality of series circuits and each of the last-named series circuits being connected in series with one of said deactivating switches whereby operation of more than one at a time of said data switches opens said series circuits to prevent deactivation of said registering means. a

24. The construction set forth in claim 21 further characterized by having: a plurality of normally open deactivating switches, said deactivating switches each being mechanically connected to one of said data switches; and circuit means including said deactivating switches operatively connected to said register means whereby to deactivate the same and prevent further registering of data correlated with a card then in said viewing station after one closure of any one of said data switches.

25. In a machine of the class described and of the type in which a plurality of separate codified cards, each bearing indicia on a face thereof, are sequentially presented at a sensing station, means for comparing data supplied to said machine with said indicia which comprises means to move said cards one at a time into said sensing station and display said indicia bearing surface; movable shutter means at said station normally partially obscuring said indicia bearing surface; a plurality of normally closed sensing switches adjacent said sensing station, said switches having operating means adapted to be engaged by a card in said sensing station whereby all but one of said sensing switches are opened and said one only of said sensing switches remains closed with a card in said station, said closed switch depending on the codification of the card then in said station; a plurality of normally open, manually operated data input switches, one connected in series with each of said sensing switches; a plurality of relays each having an operating coil connected in series with one of said data switches and said associated sensing switch; a main electric power source connected to said associated relays and switches in a series parallel circuit whereby closure of the data switch connected to the sensing switch remaining closed operates the relay connected to said data switch; means including contacts operated by said relays to register the operation thereof; and means including a plurality of switches one mechanically connected to'each of said data switches to remove said shutter means to reveal all of said indicia bearing surface upon operation of any one of said data switches.

26. The construction set forth in claim 25 further characterized by having a plurality of normally closed blocking switches, each mechanically connected to one of said data switches, whereby closure of any one of said data switches opens at least one of said blocking switches, and said blocking switches being electrically connected into a plurality of series circuits, each of said series circuits being in turn connected in series with one of said shutter means switches whereby operation of more than one at a time of said data switches opens said series circuits to prevent movement of said shutter means.

27. In a quiz machine of the class described: a plurality of indica receiving cards, each having printed in a first question area theerof, a question and a plurality of numbered possible answers to said questions, one of which answers is correct, said cards each having said correct answer reprinted in a separate answer area thereof, and having formed in the edge thereof in an area outside said question and answer areas, a notch, said notch being positioned at a predetermined distance along said edge in accordance with the number of said correct answer, said cards being arranged in a stack; a plurality of separatory cards similar in size and shape to said first mentioned-cards, said separatory cards having formed in an edge thereof a notch differently positioned from the notches in any of said first mentioned cards, said separatory cards bein stacked with said first mentioned cards and distributed at intervals in said stack; a magazine adapted to receive said stack of cards, said magazine having at a lower end thereof an exit opening positioned and adapted to permit withdrawal of one only at a time of said cards from said magazine and having an entrance adjacent the top of said stack; means defining a sensing station forward of said magazine; a movable lower wall for said magazine adapted to support said stack of cards thereon and further adapted for limited reciprocal movement to engage and carry one of said cards at a time forwardly through said exit to a position below and spaced from a sensing station; a pair of pivotally mounted jaws adjacent said last mentioned position, said jaws being adapted to grip said card carried by said wall and tip the same upwardly into a position immediately adjacent said sensing station; a pair of slidable ejectors adjacent said last mentioned position adapted to move into engagement with said card, gripped by said jaws and move said card out of said jaws and into said sensing station; means above said sensing station forming a window through which said question and answer areas may be viewed; a pair of rollers mounted adjacent said sensing station on a side opposite from said ejectors, said rollers being positioned and adapted to receive said card for friction engagement therebetween when said card is moved into said sensing station, said rollers being further positioned and adapted when power rotated to move said card rearwardly therebetween through said entrance into said magazine; correlated drive means for said reciprocal wall, jaws, ejectors, and rollers, comprising a source of rotary power, a crank rotated thereby, a connection between said crank and reciprocal wall 25 whereby to reciprocate said wall as a result of rotation of said power source, a lost motion thrust member connected between said reciprocal wall and said jaws adapted to tilt said jaws during one predetermined part of the motion of said reciprocal wall, a second lost motion connection connected between said reciprocal wall and said ej ectors, said second lost motion connection member 'being adapted to move said eiectors during another predetermined part of the motion of said reciprocal wall, and an intermittent rotary drive comprising a mutilated driving roller connected to said power source and a driven friction roller connected to intermittently rotate said card gripping rollers at predetermined intervals; a plurality of normally closed answer sensing switches adjacent said sensing station and out of the area viewed through said window, said switches having operating means adapted to be engaged by the notched edge of a card in said sensing station whereby one only of said answer sensing switches remains closed with a card at said station, said closed switch depending on the notch position of the card then in said station; a separate normally closed, sensing switch adjacent said sensing station, said separate sensing switch having an operating element adapted to contact the notched edge of said cards whereby to open the same, said switch being positioned and adapted to remain closed only when one of said separatory cards is in said sensing station; a plurality of normally open, manually operated answering switches, one connected in series with each of said sensing switches, said answering switches being numbered identically to the numbering of the plurality of answers in said question area; a plurality of relays, each having an operating coil connected in series with one of said answering switches and said associated sensing switch; a main electric power source connected to said associated relays and switches in a series parallel circuit whereby closure of the answering switch connected to the answer sensing switch closed by a card then in said sensing station operates the relay connected to said answering switch to indicate a, correct answer; means including an electrically operated score counter and contacts in said relays to register said correct answers; means including a plurality of switches, one mechanically connected to each of said answering switches to remove said shutters to reveal said correct answer upon operation of any one of said answering switches; and circuit means to clear said score counter, said score clearing circuit including said separate sensing switch whereby said score counter is adapted to be cleared only when one of said separatory cards is in said sensing station.

MALooLM o. WILLIAMS. FLOYD L. WILLIS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,311,055 Kopas Feb. 16, 1943 2,340,251 Nesbit Jan. 25, 1944 

